Introduction to Asbestos.

ASBESTOS

What is Asbestos?

Asbestos is the name for a group of six different fibrous minerals which occur naturally in the environment. These fibers are impervious to heat, fire, chemicals, and biological degradation; they do not dissolve in water or evaporate, and they have no detectable odor or taste. Because of these properties, asbestos has been widely used by industry in manufactured products such as building materials, friction products, and heat resistant fabrics.

Asbestos- On tree.

Chrysotile, or white asbestos, belongs to the serpentine family of minerals, and accounts for 95 per cent of all asbestos used in the United States. The other five, amosite, crocidolite, and the fibrous varieties of tremolite, actinolite, and anthophyllite, belong to amphibole family. While all forms of asbestos are dangerous and may cause cancer, the amphiboles are considered to be the most dangerous. More on the different types of asbestos.

Chrysotile asbestos fibers are flexible and curved, while amphibole fibers are most often brittle and have a rod or needle-like shape. Asbestos fiber masses break apart easily, and become tiny airbourne particles that may easily be inhaled or swallowed and cause serious health problems many years later.

Differentiating Characteristics of Asbestos Fibers

Questions Regarding the Risk Level of Asbestos Exposure

Research data has shown that there is a definite correlation between exposure to asbestos particles and asbestos-related diseases, especially for those that are exposed to the fibers in their workplace. Even though data shows a connection between these factors, there is ongoing debate as to just “how much of a risk is present” in environments where asbestos fibers can be found.

Questions have been raised because some of the factors relating to asbestos exposure can vary considerably sometimes making it difficult to define absolute asbestos-related exposure relationships. Some of these variables include asbestos fiber sizes and types, the type of asbestos-related disease, and the duration and level of exposure to the fibers.

Even with the uncertainty, progress has been made in regards to these variables and their effects on human health over the last 25 years. This information may present an issue for regulating authorities and agencies because it may require a deviation from their current opinions on asbestos exposure and its effects on health

TRADITIONAL CARE -RADIATION THERAPY

TRADITIONAL CARE

There are three traditional kinds of treatment for patients with malignant mesothelioma:

Surgery (taking out the cancer)
Chemotherapy (using drugs to fight the cancer)
Radiation Therapy (using high-dose x-rays or other high-energy rays to kill cancer cells)

Often two or more of these are combined in the course of treatment.


RADIATION THERAPY

Radiation therapy, also called radiotherapy, treats cancer by using penetrating beams of high energy or streams of particles called radiation. In treating mesothelioma, radiation may be used aggressively in combination with surgery, or palliatively to control symptoms.

Tomotherapy- Mesothelioma treatment Technique.

In an aggressive combined modality approach, radiation is used to attack microscopic or residual disease remaining in the chest cavity after extrapleural pnuemonectomy. An example of this is Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT), which uses x-rays of varying intensities in conjunction with computer generated images to deliver targeted radiation directly to cancer cells while reducing the amount of radiation to surrounding healthy tissue. More on Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy.

Used palliatively, radiation can help control metastases (spread) of the tumor along tracks left by invasive procedures such as thoracoscopy, needle biopsy and chest tube drainage, or to control disease symptoms, such as pain or shortness of breath.

An exciting new development in radiation oncology is tomotherapy.